O artigo tem como objetivo apresentar um diálogo entre as abordagens da interseccionalidade e da hermenêutica reconstrutiva no contexto das pesquisas em educação. A universalização discursiva e a abertura ao “outro”, inerentes à hermenêutica reconstrutiva, aproximam-se do propósito de desmarginalizar o “outro”, próprio da interseccionalidade, partindo das margens para o centro. A hermenêutica reconstrutiva, articulada à interseccionalidade, pressupõe considerar que as relações são constituídas mutuamente a partir de acertos comunicativos. Trata-se de abordagens que reconfiguram o olhar individualista, característico dos métodos (...) científicos tradicionais, oferecendo à pesquisa em educação possibilidades investigativas mais dialogadas, argumentadas e horizontalizadas. A compreensão é de que a abertura crítica diante do “outro”, de ambas as abordagens, pode viabilizar a construção e reconstrução continuada dos saberes da área diante das demandas da pluralidade e de seu mundo da vida. Palavras-chave: Interseccionalidade; Hermenêutica reconstrutiva; Pesquisa em educação. Intellectual solidarity: Approaching intersectionality and reconstructive hermeneutics in education research Abstract: The article aims to present a dialogue between the approaches of intersectionality and reconstructive hermeneutics in the context of research in education. The discursive universalization and openness to the “other”, inherent to reconstructive hermeneutics, approach the purpose of demarginalizing the “other”, characteristic of intersectionality, starting from the margins towards the center. Reconstructive hermeneutics, articulated with intersectionality, presupposes considering that relationships are mutually constituted from communicative successes. These are approaches that reconfigure the individualistic view, characteristic of traditional scientific methods, offering research in education possibilities that are more dialogued, argued and horizontalized. The understanding is that the critical opening towards the “other”, of both approaches, can enable the continued construction and reconstruction of knowledge in the area in light of the demands of plurality and its world of life. Keywords: Intersectionality; Reconstructive hermeneutics; Education research. Solidaridad intelectual: Aproximación a la interseccionalidad y a la hermenéutica reconstructiva en la investigación en educación Resumen: El artículo pretende presentar un diálogo entre los enfoques de la interseccionalidad y la hermenéutica reconstructiva en el contexto de la investigación en educación. La universalización discursiva y la apertura al "otro", inherentes a la hermenéutica reconstructiva, se acercan al propósito de desmarginalizar al "otro", propio de la interseccionalidad, partiendo de los márgenes hacia el centro. La hermenéutica reconstructiva, articulada con la interseccionalidad, presupone la consideración de que las relaciones se constituyen mutuamente a partir de acuerdos comunicativos. Se trata de enfoques que reconfiguran la mirada individualista, característica de los métodos científicos tradicionales, ofreciendo posibilidades de investigación en educación más dialogantes, argumentativas y horizontales. Se entiende que la apertura crítica ante el "otro", desde ambos enfoques, puede permitir la construcción y reconstrucción continua del conocimiento en el área frente a las exigencias de la pluralidad y su mundo de vida. Palabras clave: Interseccionalidad; Hermenéutica reconstructiva; Investigación en Educación. Data de registro: 07/01/2022 Data de aceite: 15/03/2022. (shrink)

O trabalho aborda questões bastante discutidas na contemporaneidade, buscando uma maior compreensão do pensamento filosófico na educação. Na tentativa de propor um entendimento da problemática em que se voltou a Filosofia da Educação, o estudo analisa as discussões controversas entre analíticos e continentais, reconhecendo em Habermas e Rorty a possibilidade de abandonar o pensamento idealista e subjetivo da tradição filosófica. O objetivo é refletir sobre as abordagens teóricas e metodológicas utilizadas nessas discussões, identificando as contribuições que a hermenêutica, o pragmatismo (...) e a filosofia da linguagem podem viabilizar à educação, assinalando a necessidade de desenvolver mudanças nos modos de se pensar e gerir a formação. Em defesa de uma produção semântica para o estudo filosófico no processo de formação de professores, o texto demarca algumas críticas à filosofia da educação por estar voltada apenas para a filosofia continental (antes da virada lingüística), relatando a pretensão de redescobrir o sujeito educativo na linguagem. O estudo, voltado às discussões filosóficas mais atuais do mundo ocidental, pretende incitar a concretização das propostas de grandes aportes teóricos do pensamento, possibilitando repensar o modelo da pedagogia tradicional à luz de novos critérios de avaliação, desenvolvendo através da linguagem, um novo espírito para o estudo da filosofia da educação. Essa reabertura, permite repensar a imagem da filosofia contemporânea e suas implicações educacionais, facilitando a ultrapassagem dos limites conceituais das teorias filosóficas dogmáticas, presas ao historicismo, reconstruindo o cenário teórico baseado no entendimento pragmático e hermenêutico da situação atual. (shrink)

Animals, like humans, suffer and die from natural causes. This is particularly true of animals living in the wild, given their high exposure to, and low capacity to cope with, harmful natural processes. Most wild animals likely have short lives, full of suffering, usually ending in terrible deaths. This book argues that on the assumption that we have reasons to assist others in need, we should intervene in nature to prevent or reduce the harms wild animals suffer, provided that it (...) is feasible and that the expected result is positive overall. It is of the utmost importance that academics from different disciplines as well as animal advocates begin to confront this issue. The more people are concerned with wild animal suffering, the more probable it is that safe and effective solutions to the plight of wild animals will be implemented in the future. (shrink)

The ability to extract patterns from sensory input across time and space is thought to underlie the development and acquisition of language and literacy skills, particularly the subdomains marked by the learning of probabilistic knowledge. Thus, impairments in procedural learning are hypothesized to underlie neurodevelopmental disorders, such as dyslexia and developmental language disorder. In the present meta‐analysis, comprising 2396 participants from 39 independent studies, the continuous relationship between language, literacy, and procedural learning on the Serial Reaction Time task (SRTT) was (...) assessed across children and adults with typical development (TD), dyslexia, and Developmental Language Disorder (DLD). Despite a significant, but very small, relationship between procedural learning and overall language and literacy measures, this pattern was not observed at the group‐level when examining TD, dyslexic, and DLD groups separately. Based on the procedural/declarative model, a positive relationship was expected between procedural learning and language and literacy measures for the typically developing group; however, no such relationship was observed. This was also the case for the disordered groups (ps >.05). Also counter to expectations, the magnitude of the relationship between procedural learning and grammar and phonology did not differ between TD and DLD (ps >.05), nor between the TD and dyslexic group on reading, spelling, and phonology (ps >.05). While lending little support to the procedural/declarative model, we consider that these results may be the consequence of poor psychometric properties of the SRTT as a measure of procedural learning. (shrink)

Objective: To assess the psychological distress of healthcare providers working in the field of obstetrics during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic and to identify factors associated with psychological distress at the individual, interpersonal, and organizational level.Design: Cross-sectional survey study.Setting: Four University hospitals in Italy.Participants: HCPs working in obstetrics, including gynecologists, residents in gynecology and obstetrics, and midwives.Methods: The 104-item survey Impatto PSIcologico COVID-19 in Ostetricia was created by a multidisciplinary expert panel and administered to HCPs in obstetrics in May 2020 (...) via a web-based platform.Main Outcome Measures: Psychological distress assessed by the General Health Questionnaire-12 included in the IPSICO survey.Results: The response rate to the IPSICO survey was 88.2%, and that for GHQ-12 was 84.4%. Just over half of the GHQ-12 respondents reported a clinically significant level of psychological distress. Psychological distress was associated with either individual, interpersonal, and organizational factors in dealing with the pandemic.Conclusions: Results confirm the need for monitoring and assessing the psychological distress for HCPs in obstetrics. Interventions at the individual, interpersonal, and organizational level may relieve the psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic and foster resilience skills in facing emotional distress. (shrink)

From its initial conceptualization as emotional exhaustion, cynicism, and reduced personal efficacy for the help professions, burnout has received increasing attention in modern times, especially after the 2019 WHO’s inclusion of this syndrome in the ICD-11 list. Burnout can be measured using several psychometric instruments that range in dimensionality, number of items, copyrighted, and free use formats. Here, we report the psychometric properties of data gathered with the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory in a sample of Portuguese Aircraft maintenance technicians. As far (...) as we know, this is the first study addressing the burnout syndrome in this occupational group. Data gathered with the OLBI displayed good evidence of validity related to internal structure, to other variables, with good evidence of reliability. We showed that burnout significantly correlated with mental and physical fatigue emphasizing the vital critical role that these variables play with safety in the aviation industry. (shrink)

In this paper, following the taxonomy developed by Mackenzie, Rogers and Dodds of different sources and states of vulnerability, I claim that wild animals are inherently and situationally vulnerable. This is because they can experience suffering as a response to certain internal and external states and have a high exposure to, and a low capacity to cope with, harmful natural processes. From this it follows that we have a moral obligation to support and assist individuals who are occurrently vulnerable and (...) to reduce the risk of dispositional vulnerabilities becoming occurrent in the future, by endorsing some form of what I call ‘environmental enhancement’. Finally, I pay critical attention to how to prevent interventions aimed at ameliorating vulnerability from paradoxically generating pathogenic vulnerabilities. (shrink)

In der philosophischen Debatte uber den Status und die Funktion von Erkenntnis und Wissen spielt Ernst Cassirers Kulturphilosophie der symbolischen Formen eine wichtige Rolle. Sprache, Mythos, Wissenschaft und Kunst zahlen zu den symbolischen Formen, die Cassirer untersucht, um die geistige Gestaltung des Wirklichen zu verstehen. Nahe an den Wissenschaften zeigt er, wie das Symbolische entsteht, indem dem Sinneseindruck ein Index, eine Ordnung und ein Ort zugewiesen und ein Name verliehen wird. Das Symbolische druckt eine bestimmte Orientierung, eine Grundtendenz und besondere (...) Form des Denkens aus, auch im Feld der Begriffe der Wissenschaften. Cassirers Theorie des Symbols hat die erkenntnistheoretische Konzeption der blossen nachahmenden Abbildung des Wirklichen uberwunden. Das Erkennen hat die Funktion, der gegenstandlichen Welt in ihrer komplexen Mehrdimensionalitat in freier Tatigkeit des Geistes Gestalt und menschliche Bedeutung zu verleihen. Aus seiner Kritik an der aristotelischen Substanz-Ontologie und am dogmatischen Realismus entwickelt Cassirer seine funktionstheoretische Perspektive des Symbolischen, auf deren anti-deterministischer und zugleich nicht-relativistischer Basis von der epistemischen Freiheit des Menschen als <I>animal symbolicum gesprochen werden kann.". (shrink)

This study aimed to analyze the explanatory contribution of social responsibility and organizational justice on commitment through the setting up of a theoretical model in order to better understand the relationships that are established between these constructs. The empirical study was developed in a public higher education institution with a sample of 233 employees, professors and staff. The proposed model was estimated using a structural equation model. It was possible to observe a relationship between interactional justice perceptions and social responsibility (...) and there contribute to the explanation of organizational affective commitment. At the same time, it was possible to observe a relationship between distributive justice and social responsibility of employees. (shrink)

The Weatherall Report claims that research on non-human primates is permitted and morally required. The argument rests on the following thought experiment: > The hospital fire : A hospital is on fire. Some of the residents are humans and others are non-human animals. You can only save one group. What do you do? Some people have the intuition that we should rescue the humans. According to the report, if we accept that human lives have priority over non-human lives in this (...) case, consistency requires us to support the use of non-human animals in research. This is because both cases are about saving human lives at the expense of the lives of non-human animals. Two critical replies appeared in the literature, by E J Moore1 and Muireann Quigley.2 In a recent paper3 Gardar Arnason claims that such objections fail. I will argue, however, that his assessment is unconvincing. The first objection pressed by Moore is that there are fundamental disanalogies between The hospital fire and biomedical research. In that scenario we face a life-or-death emergency situation whereas in biomedical research we do not. In such situations it may be justified to prioritise those closest to us (eg, species …. (shrink)

This paper argues that: a) the indiscriminate application of the German model to all European countries has fostered economic growth in the EU at different speeds; b) Italy, the cradle of Catholic capitalism, is currently attempting to react against austerity measures - imposed by the economic constrictions of the German model – by focusing on the third sector and non-profit companies.

Around the world, many schools were closed as one of the measures to contain the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. School closure brought about important challenges to the students' learning process. This context requires strong self-regulatory competences and agency for autonomous learning. Moreover, online remote learning was the main alternative response to classroom learning, which increased the inequalities between students with and without access to technological resources or for those with low digital literacy. All considered, to level the playing field (...) for students without digital resources, there is an urgent need to promote self-regulatory competences through offline intervention solutions. The current paper describes a project with this purpose, using radio broadcasting and letters to reach elementary students without digital resources. Moreover, potential reach and participants' perspectives of the project implementation are presented and discussed. The project draws on a prior evidence-based story-tool intervention grounded on a self-regulated learning framework. The original intervention was set previous to the COVID-19 pandemic and was implemented in the classroom context (N= 1,103 students). Once the schools had been closed down, the mode of intervention was adapted with the collaboration of the community. Alternative solutions were developed as follows: (i) story chapters were read on the radio and students received to their homes a printed script, prompting reflection, and suggesting related activities; (ii) students were provided with the story-tool to read autonomously and received letters from the main characters of the story which included, for example, suggestions for activities and reflection. These two alternative modes of intervention delivery potentially reached 394 elementary students, including students with digital resources. Interviews conducted with a group of students were provided information about the positive aspects of these two modes of intervention delivery, perceived learning (e.g., planning), constraints, and suggestions to improve the project. The current work is likely to merit attention from researchers and educational practitioners, given the need to use offline alternatives to provide support for students without digital resources to engage in autonomous learning during the pandemic period. This project may also be used as an alternative or a complementary solution to online modality. (shrink)

Dans ce texte les auteurs explorent les potentialités du recours au dispositif groupal et à l’introduction de la médiation par les images dans la prise en charge de jeunes requérants d’asile. La clinique liée aux migrations contemporaines nous confronte à un véritable défi concernant la prise en soin de sujets qui appartiennent à des cultures différentes, parlent des langues diverses et sont porteurs de traumatismes qui se révèlent à la fois singuliers et pluriels. À travers l’exemple d’un groupe à médiation (...) Photolangage® avec des ex-mineurs non accompagnés, l’article décrit comment le modèle psychanalytique de groupe peut être un dispositif original pour la compréhension et le traitement d’une telle clinique. (shrink)

This article provides a conceptual and empirical assessment of UN brokered partnerships that seek to deepen or create inclusive and sustainable agricultural supply chains in sub-Saharan Africa. More specifically it appraises the decision-making mechanisms, processes of partnership brokerage and project implementation within the UNDP Growing Sustainable Business Initiative (GSB) in Kenya. The paper argues that the lack of bottom-up participation in decision-making mechanisms and the predominantly economic imperatives driving the GSB partnership projects have failed to reach out to the partnerships’ (...) intended beneficiaries—Kenyan small producers of nuts and mangoes. In conclusion it is suggested that opening up the GSB platform might hold the promise of reconciling sustainable business models with (some) poverty reduction. (shrink)

Raising awareness of the environmental impact of energy generation and consumption has been a recent concern of contemporary society worldwide. Underlying the awareness of energy consumption is an intricate network of perception and social interaction that can be mediated by technology. In this paper we argue that issues regarding energy, environment and technology are very much situated and involve tensions of sociocultural nature. This exploratory investigation addresses the subject by introducing the design of a Socially-inspired Energy Eco-Feedback Technology, which is (...) composed of an interactive system to trigger and mediate collective savings and a tangible device as a public feedback. Results of an evaluation situated in the context of a school in a socially disadvantaged area in Brazil are discussed, shedding light on the sociocultural aspects related to the subject. The role of the SEET to motivate energy awareness collectively among the social group is assessed, as well as the design characteristics that contributed to that. Outcomes bring to light social aspects and dynamics that would hardly have been predicted, evidencing critical factors related to a socially inspired design approach in the energy awareness domain. (shrink)

In his book Logical Forms Chateaubriand proposes, among other things, a theory of truth according to which a true statement describes some aspect of the world. The aim of this paper is to assess Chateaubriand’s claim that his theory of truth is compatible with the main intuition underlying the correspondence theory.

RESUMOO problema principal deste trabalho é realizar algumas considerações sobre o problema filosófico da normatividade, tal como ele aparece na obra Wittgenstein on Rules and Private Language, de Saul Kripke (1982). Para tanto, breves considerações sobre o argumento e a resposta céticos do Wittgenstein de Kripke, associadas a considerações sobre fundacionismo e sobre questões constitutivas referentes à normatividade, serão realizadas. Ao final, o texto discutirá brevemente perspectivas sobre como elementos que caracterizam a normatividade poderiam ser explicados adotando-se a via disposicional.AbstractThe (...) main problem of this work is to make some considerations about the philosophical problem of normativity, as it appears in Saul Kripke’s Wittgensensein on Rules and Private Language (1982). To that end, brief remarks on Kripke’s skeptical argument and skepticism, together with considerations of foundationalism and constitutive questions about normativity, will be made. In the end, the text will briefly discuss perspectives on how elements that characterize normativity could be explained by adopting the dispositional path. (shrink)

Quine, em seu livro Philosophy of Logic, identifica lógica com lógica de primeira ordem e defende a concepçáo segundo a qual a completude é uma propriedade necessária dos sistemas lógicos. O objetivo deste trabalho é discutir a argumentaçáo de Quine e mostrar que suas idéias a respeito da natureza da lógica apresentam diversos problemas tanto conceituais, como técnicos.

Cultural aspects frame our perception of the world and direct the many different ways people interact with things in it. For this reason, these aspects should be considered when designing technology with the purpose to positively impact people in a community. In this paper, we revisit the foundations of culture aiming to bring this concept in dialogue with design. To inform design with cultural aspects, we model reality in three levels of formality: informal, formal, and technical, and subscribe to a (...) systemic vision that considers the technical solution as part of a more complex social system in which people live and interact. In this paper, we instantiate this theoretical and methodological view by presenting two case studies of technology design in which culture-based artefacts were employed to inform the design process. We claim that as important as including issues related to culture in the ICT design agenda—from the conception to the development, evaluation, and adoption of a technology—is the need to support the design process with adequate artefacts that help identifying cultural aspects within communities and translating them into sociotechnical requirements. We argue that a culturally informed perspective on design can go beyond an informative analysis, and can be integrated with the theoretical and methodological framework used to support design, throughout the entire design process. (shrink)

Piccolo, Toto Today few would deny that the Quaestio Fidei is the major challenge for bishops, presbyters and Catholics around the world: in fact in October 2012 the Synod of Bishops in Rome will be concerned with 'The New Evangelization for the Transmission of Christian Faith'. The questions have to be faced: What is faith? Who has faith? How can faith be transmitted? However it is intriguing that almost fifty years ago in Spain some young adults already had this (...) Quaestio Fidei clear in their mind, at a moment when the Second Vatican Council was in progress, and parishes in Spain, Italy and also Australia were still full of families across several generations. (shrink)

This article is about nationalism from an unlikely perspective: Hannah Arendt. Though Arendt is famously no supporter of nationalism, I argue that her writing on narrative provides an illuminative way of examining the phenomenon. In the first section, I build upon Arendt’s narrative theory—and Leah Bradshaw’s analysis of it—to develop a distinction between narratively true stories and false ones, or reveries. I argue that while Arendt’s work on the matter often pertain to the tales of individuals, the thought is transferable (...) to the stories of nations. In the latter half of the paper, I turn these two questions on to instances of contemporary nationalism. Section two is on England, and section three is on Israel. I do not suggest that my conclusion about these case studies are definitive, but I do hope that their inclusion in this paper helps to demonstrate how Arendt’s philosophic analysis could be turned on the world. (shrink)

The consideration of ethics in social research has gained increasing prominence in the past few years, particularly research which seeks to inform public policy. This book presents an examination of issues relating to research ethics in planning for an international audience.

Il fenomeno del linguaggio pervade tutta la realtà. Ogni evento può essere raccontato. Ci orientiamo nel mondo dando nomi alle cose. Il linguaggio non è solo uno strumento di comunicazione, ma segna profondamente la nostra esistenza. Questo libro risponde al desiderio di guardare il fenomeno del linguaggio da molteplici punti di vista, non solo nella sua struttura logica, ma anche come luogo dell'interpretazione, della comunicazione e della conoscenza. Pertanto, gli autori presi in considerazione appartengono sia alla tradizione nota come analitica (...) sia a quella che viene definita continentale. Questo sguardo inclusivo riguarda anche la dimensione storica: la risposta ai quesiti che emergono viene cercata infatti sia negli autori classici del mondo antico sia nei contributi dei pensatori contemporanei. (shrink)

Increasingly, corporations are championing the cause of gender equality and women’s empowerment in the Global South. Tapping into notions about women’s role as caregivers, empowerment promotion is simultaneously meant to lead to family and community development, profitability for those who invest in women and girls and economic growth. While emerging feminist scholarship on this kind of ‘transnational business feminism’ (TBF) (Roberts, 2012, 2015) has largely scrutinised gender governance based on visual and textual materials produced by corporations themselves, this article expands (...) the methodological engagement with TBF by reflecting on how we translated the concept into two distinct field-based research projects. The article compares and contrasts our situated fieldwork experiences, focusing in particular on accessing corporate elites and development partners and the epistemological rifts that emerged in conversations with them. It documents how our experiences of blockages, hostile relations and miscommunications have shaped our critical feminist research, and points to some of the power relations at work within TBF. (shrink)

Anthropocentrism, in its original connotation in environmental ethics, is the belief that value is human-centred and that all other beings are means to human ends. Environmentally -concerned authors have argued that anthropocentrism is ethically wrong and at the root of ecological crises. Some environmental ethicists argue, however, that critics of anthropocentrism are misguided or even misanthropic. They contend: first that criticism of anthropocentrism can be counterproductive and misleading by failing to distinguish between legitimate and illegitimate human interests. Second, that humans (...) differ greatly in their environmental impacts, and consequently, addressing human inequalities should be a precondition for environmental protection. Third, since ecosystems constitute the “life-support system” for humans, anthropocentrism can and should be a powerful motivation for environmental protection. Fourth, human self-love is not only natural but helpful as a starting point for loving others, including nonhumans. Herein we analyze such arguments, agreeing with parts of them while advancing four counter-arguments. First, redefining the term anthropocentrism seems to be an attempt to ignore behavior in which humans focus on themselves at the risk of the planet. Second, if addressing human inequalities is a precondition for environmental protection, biodiversity protection will remain out of the scope of ethical consideration for an indefinite period of time. Third, anthropocentric motivations can only make a positive contribution to the environment in situations where humans are conscious of a direct benefit to themselves. Fourth, ‘self-love’ alone is an inadequate basis for environmental concern and action. We also explore the question of agency, shared responsibility, and a fair attribution of blame for our environmental predicaments. (shrink)